Here’s the inflation breakdown for August 2023, in one chart

Inflation rose in August on the back of higher gasoline prices, according to the consumer price index.

But there’s good news for Americans: That increase is likely temporary, economists said. Aside from energy, there are signs that inflation continued its broad retreat in August, they said.

“This should just be a temporary interruption of the downward trend,” said Andrew Hunter, deputy chief U.S. economist at Capital Economics.

“Broadly, we’re already seeing pretty clear signs the situation is approaching normal again,” he added.

Inflation measures how quickly prices are rising across the U.S. economy.

In August, the CPI increased 3.7% from 12 months earlier, up from 3.2% in July, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics said Wednesday.

The rate has fallen from a pandemic-era peak of 9.1% in June 2022, the highest since 1981.

The CPI is a key barometer of inflation, measuring prices of anything from fruits and vegetables to haircuts and concert tickets.

Gasoline cost $3.84 a gallon, on average, as of Tuesday, according to AAA.

Gasoline was the largest contributor to inflation in August, accounting for more than half of the increase, according to the BLS.

The increase is largely attributable to dynamics in the market for crude oil, which is refined into gasoline, Hunter said. On Tuesday, oil prices hit their highest levels since November.

Transportation costs — including gasoline — are the second-largest expense, after housing, for the average household, according to the U.S. Department of Labor’s consumer expenditures survey.

While rising gasoline prices may be challenging for consumers from a budgetary perspective, it’s unlikely they’ll be sustained beyond another month or two, Hunter said.

While gasoline prices have risen in the short term, they’ve declined 3.3% from a year ago.

However, rent inflation is poised to keep falling, economists said. That’s because new monthly rent prices have “slowed very sharply” in the U.S. over the past year or so, but such trends generally feed through to the CPI data with a lag, Hunter said.

Other “notable” contributors to inflation over the past year include motor vehicle insurance, with prices up 19.1% from August 2022; recreation, up 3.5%; personal care, up 5.8%; and new vehicles, up 2.9%, the BLS said.

Conversely, easing price pressures for groceries — a “staple household expense” — has been a “bright spot” for consumers, said Greg McBride, chief financial analyst at Bankrate.

Inflation during the pandemic era has been a “complicated phenomenon” stemming from “multiple sources and complex dynamic interactions,” according to a paper published in May that was co-authored by Ben Bernanke, former chair of the U.S. Federal Reserve, and Olivier Blanchard, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics.

At a high level, inflationary pressures — which have been felt globally — are due to an imbalance between supply and demand.

The pandemic snarled global supply chains and led prices to surge as the U.S. economy reopened. Basically, consumers unleashed pent-up demand while there was still a shortage of goods.

Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in early 2022 exacerbated backlogs in the global supply chain and fueled higher prices for food, energy and other commodities.

Also, a hot labor market led employers to raise wages at the fastest pace in decades, feeding through to inflation, particularly in labor-intensive service industries.

Those trends have largely unwound, Hunter said. Wage growth is still “quite high” but coming down and the broad labor market is easing, he said.

“We’ve definitely come a long way in terms of getting back to normal,” he said. “We’re not all the way there yet.”